Yup, some of the Gladiators after Soviet Union took over Baltic States in 1940 where used by the VVS, markings changed to Red Stars, then in 1941 after Germany invaded they were used by the Luftwaffe.
Håkans Aviation page - Latvian Air Force use of the Gloster Gladiator during the Second World War Håkans Aviation page - Luftwaffe use of the Gloster Gladiator during the Second World War