Astronomy stuff - Life, the Universe & Everything

Moon was beautiful tonigth a huge orange ball that slowly turned white. Looked superb through my scope. Wish I had a better camera to record the view.

 

some good pics here of last nights Moon.
BBC News - Super moon: Your pictures

 

Owners of smartphones with GPS.
I know it's a v popular app, and many/most will have it, but just in case it's passed you by:
Google Sky Map for Android
(Think the iPhone one is called 'Star Walk' and is a couple of quid rather than free?).

If you've ever struggled with star maps, or perhaps more likely never have 'em with you when you fancy a bit of stargazing, these apps are bloody marvellous. Especially the search function; "Is that Mars?" - enter the name, wave your phone about while following the arrow onscreen - "yes it is".

Genuinely one of those things which generates that entirely positive 'blimey, the age we live in' sensation.

[YOUTUBE]p6znyx0gjb4[/YOUTUBE]

 

http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sdo/news/first-light-3rd.html#.VN-xACkn-bI

with commentary

http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/videogallery/index.html

 

You might be right, but I kinda like watching it load

 

Finally watched bit of the video & looked at that image.
I would say ''Cool'' but that's the wrong word.

 

Diamond rain could be "the most common precipitation in the Solar System" the authors say


http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-24477667

'Diamond rain' falls on Saturn and Jupiter


Diamonds big enough to be worn by Hollywood film stars could be raining down on Saturn and Jupiter, US scientists have calculated.

New atmospheric data for the gas giants indicates that carbon is abundant in its dazzling crystal form, they say.

Gigantic storms on Saturn create black clouds of soot - which hardens into diamonds as it falls

Lightning storms turn methane into soot (carbon) which as it falls hardens into chunks of graphite and then diamond.

These diamond "hail stones" eventually melt into a liquid sea in the planets' hot cores, they told a conference.


The biggest diamonds would likely be about a centimetre in diameter - "big enough to put on a ring, although of course they would be uncut," says Dr Kevin Baines, of the University of Wisconsin-Madison and Nasa's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

He added they would be of a size that the late film actress Elizabeth Taylor would have been "proud to wear".

"The bottom line is that 1,000 tonnes of diamonds a year are being created on Saturn.

"People ask me - how can you really tell? Because there's no way you can go and observe it.

"It all boils down to the chemistry. And we think we're pretty certain."

Thunderstorm alleys
Baines presented his unpublished findings at the annual meeting of the Division for Planetary Sciences of the American Astronomical Society in Denver, Colorado, alongside his co-author Mona Delitsky, from California Speciality Engineering.


Uranus and Neptune have long been thought to harbour gemstones. But Saturn and Jupiter were not thought to have suitable atmospheres.

Baines and Delitsky analysed the latest temperature and pressure predictions for the planets' interiors, as well as new data on how carbon behaves in different conditions.

They concluded that stable crystals of diamond will "hail down over a huge region" of Saturn in particular.

"It all begins in the upper atmosphere, in the thunderstorm alleys, where lightning turns methane into soot," said Baines.

"As the soot falls, the pressure on it increases. And after about 1,000 miles it turns to graphite - the sheet-like form of carbon you find in pencils."

By a depth of 6,000km, these chunks of falling graphite toughen into diamonds - strong and unreactive.

These continue to fall for another 30,000km - "about two-and-a-half Earth-spans" says Baines.

"Once you get down to those extreme depths, the pressure and temperature is so hellish, there's no way the diamonds could remain solid.


"It's very uncertain what happens to carbon down there."

One possibility is that a "sea" of liquid carbon could form.

"Diamonds aren't forever on Saturn and Jupiter. But they are on Uranus and Neptune, which are colder at their cores," says Baines.

'Rough diamond'

The findings are yet to be peer reviewed, but other planetary experts contacted by BBC News said the possibility of diamond rain "cannot be dismissed".


"The idea that there is a depth range within the atmospheres of Jupiter and (even more so) Saturn within which carbon would be stable as diamond does seem sensible," says Prof Raymond Jeanloz, one of the team who first predicted diamonds on Uranus and Neptune.

"And given the large sizes of these planets, the amount of carbon (therefore diamond) that may be present is hardly negligible."

However Dr Nadine Nettelmann, of the University of California, Santa Cruz, said further work was needed to understand whether carbon can form diamonds in an atmosphere which is rich in hydrogen and helium - such as Saturn's.


"Baines and Delitsky considered the data for pure carbon, instead of a carbon-hydrogen-helium mixture," she explained.

"We cannot exclude the proposed scenario (diamond rain on Saturn and Jupiter) but we simply have no data on mixtures in the planets. So we do not know if diamond formation occurs at all."

Meanwhile, an exoplanet that was believed to consist largely of diamond may not be so precious after all, according to new research.

The so-called "diamond planet" 55 Cancri e orbits a star 40 light-years from our Solar System.

A study in 2010 suggested it was a rocky world with a surface of graphite surrounding a thick layer of diamond, instead of water and granite like Earth.

But new research to be published in the Astrophysical Journal, calls this conclusion in question, making it unlikely any space probe sent to sample the planet's innards would dig up anything sparkling.

Carbon, the element diamonds are made of, now appears to be less abundant in relation to oxygen in the planet's host star - and by extension, perhaps the planet.

"Based on what we know at this point, 55 Cancri e is more of a 'diamond in the rough'," said author Johanna Teske, of the University of Arizona.




The planet 55 Cancri e may not be so precious after all, a new study suggests

 

Thanks Geoff.

And I remember this being discussed, briefly, on the radio earlier on in the year :

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/07/18/gold-space-star-collisions-elements-earth-video_n_3612079.html