Military Analysis. Statistics. And Hard Sums.

Discussion in 'Weapons, Technology & Equipment' started by von Poop, Sep 12, 2012.

  1. von Poop

    von Poop Adaministrator Admin

    Stumbled on a strange little nugget while looking for something else:
    The German Tank Problem - Statistical Analysis Techniques, War - Statistical Consultants Ltd.

    Now I don't know if it's just there to drag in a wider visitor set for the main commercial aim of the site (there's a Battle Of Britain page there too, which seems to do very little), and I once got 4% in an AS level Pure Maths exam so my brain hurts, but if that method was used (I think I've got it after some staring), and got such good results - then well done to those brainy types who thought it up.

    It's led to some interesting Googlings on 'statistical analysis & war' etc.

    Eg.: Nice US report on WW1 dealing pretty much solely with the numbers:
    The War with Germany, A Statistical Summary, Introduction and Table of Contents

    Made me wonder if only the US had a 'Statistics Branch of the General Staff' or if such dedicated number crunchers were more widespread (or just left to the individual Govt. departments as I'd have assumed)
    Not something I've considered before.

    ~A
     
  2. Harry Ree

    Harry Ree Very Senior Member

    Adam

    Very informative post.

    Regarding the tank output,RV Jones used a similar model to predict the production of Wurzburg early warning radar spares from item serial numbers seized on the Bruneval raid. His proposal was to approximate the number of Wurzburg/ night defence boxes available in the Kammhuber line.
     
  3. geoff501

    geoff501 Achtung Feind hört mit

    There is something on this in Hinsley's 'British Intelligence' Vol 2.
    Production estimates were the job of MEW (Ministry of Economic Warfare) using intelligence from PR and agent networks. Early in 1942, depletion and weakness of GAF on the Russian front was higher than expected, This was due to an over estimate of production capacity. A new department AI(2a) (Air Intelligence) was set up which provided more accurate figures using data from crashed aircraft, (works numbers, dates of manufacture) and intercepted messages from test and delivery flights.
    Aircraft production estimates were 'virtually accurate' Sept-Nov 1942. By January 43 the method was under estimatinng (by around 20%-25%)
    U-boat production figures were pretty accurate due to PR, prisoner interrogation and broken Enigma networks giving sea trial data.
    Not seen anything on tanks yet, but the books are a colossal amount of facts (around 3000 pages for the first 3 volumes)
     
  4. Wills

    Wills Very Senior Member

    Ms# P-059 Project # 47 Tank Losses


    German Tank repair,losses and replacements. Collated post war from German accounts. How would these tie in with intelligence of the time?
     
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  5. von Poop

    von Poop Adaministrator Admin

    Ms# P-059 Project # 47 Tank Losses


    German Tank repair,losses and replacements. Collated post war from German accounts. How would these tie in with intelligence of the time?
    I'd not read that before - interesting stuff (with Halder adding to the foreword no less.)
    It at least confirms that somebody was always keeping an eye on the numbers game.

    Geoff, what are the Hinsley books like as a whole?
    Readable? Or more a mass of statistics?

    I've sort of got to thinking more of how the truly brainy 'maths' types didn't just have a place in inventing wonder-weapons or breaking codes. There's a wider role for them in war.
    Harry's mentioned RV Jones, and the very thought of him always makes me feel insect-like in my own intellect by comparison.
    Amazing that he was still lecturing the CIA on this sort of thing in the 90s:
    https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/kent-csi/vol38no5/pdf/v38i5a05p.pdf

    Hmmm, never read a good biography of him - anyone know of one?

    Then there's always the background thought of how much good grey matter Adolf threw out with his ideological bathwater...
     
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  6. Andreas

    Andreas Working on two books

    I find Hinsley very readable.

    All the best

    Andreas
     
  7. idler

    idler GeneralList

    I've only got Vol 3 Pts 1 & 2 - they are certainly full of facts but they're not a mass of statistics. Most importantly (for those of us that will never 'read' them) they are very well indexed, Vol 3 Pt 1 is a mere 690 pages of which just under a hundred are the index.
     
  8. geoff501

    geoff501 Achtung Feind hört mit

    I've only got Vol 3 Pts 1 & 2 - they are certainly full of facts but they're not a mass of statistics. Most importantly (for those of us that will never 'read' them) they are very well indexed, Vol 3 Pt 1 is a mere 690 pages of which just under a hundred are the index.

    I would agree, quite an amazing work. full of facts. Now long out of print, it was five volumes in 6 books at about 9 1/9 inches of shelf space.
    Sometimes you see volumes for sale, sometimes silly prices. I think a few volumes are rare. Vol 3 I think is more common, and more useful. I'll post some scans on the thread subject...
    No doubt NMP will offer reprints at silly prices one day.
    There was a single volume abridged issue, which is probably not so useful as a research tool.
     
  9. geoff501

    geoff501 Achtung Feind hört mit

    Some scans on MEW/AI with some tank production figures. I wondered if the serial numbers were ever coded or obfuscated and it seems that some random gaps were introduced.
     

    Attached Files:

  10. geoff501

    geoff501 Achtung Feind hört mit

    Hmmm, never read a good biography of him - anyone know of one?



    R. V. Jones' book Most Secret War is all I know of, a sort of autobio. Essential reading. He was worth his weight in gold, the science version of the BP boffins.
     
  11. TTH

    TTH Senior Member

    Numbers can tell you a lot; I don't believe in that "lies, damned lies" cliche. (I am a baseball fan, and that sport lends itself well to numerical analysis.) Yet I also recall Niall Ferguson doing a statistical analysis of WWI losses, the point of which was that the German Army came top. The fact that the Germans LOST ANYWAY didn't count with him, apparently.
     
  12. canuck

    canuck Closed Account

    Numbers can tell you a lot; I don't believe in that "lies, damned lies" cliche. (I am a baseball fan, and that sport lends itself well to numerical analysis.) Yet I also recall Niall Ferguson doing a statistical analysis of WWI losses, the point of which was that the German Army came top. The fact that the Germans LOST ANYWAY didn't count with him, apparently.

    Alan,

    The irony is that the German army came out on top in WW2 as well. Not on the basis of statistical analysis but more from a subjective assessment of their cool uniforms, superior weapons and technical advances.
    The scores of SS reenactors ignore the fact that they LOST as well. o_O Go figure!
     
  13. TTH

    TTH Senior Member

    Some fascinating documents too, Von P. I was surprised by the continued presence of the Pz Kw III in frontline service in 1943 and even into 1944.
     
  14. m kenny

    m kenny Senior Member

    Some fascinating documents too, Von P. I was surprised by the continued presence of the Pz Kw III in frontline service in 1943 and even into 1944.

    Well into 1944.
    The best way of seeing what was in front line service is to look at the monthly losses.
    Pz III losses 1944
    March..134 gun ..26 Flam...47 Befl.
    April ...50............6 ..........3
    May.....1.............1...........4
    June...41.............0...........0
    July ....7..............0.........15
    Aug ....2..............0...........0
    Sept ..21.............0.........56
    Oct....11.............0...........7
    Nov ....0............. 0..........4
     
  15. Wills

    Wills Very Senior Member

    Official Munitions Productions of the US by Month July 1 1940 to August 31, 1945


    Not the coffee table book of war - but -'the battle was won in the quartermasters stores!'




    3-dad2d73bbb.jpg


    INTERNATIONAL AID STATISTICS WW2


    Lend lease etc - Dollar Values!


    On a course an American pal - gave one of those 5 minute talks much used by directing staff to boost an individuals confidence in giving lectures. A humorous take - 'when we blast a bridge that cost millions with a few thousand bucks worth of US ordnance the US taxpayer will in turn eventually have to pay for the damage to the bridge!'
     
  16. Andreas

    Andreas Working on two books

    Some scans on MEW/AI with some tank production figures. I wondered if the serial numbers were ever coded or obfuscated and it seems that some random gaps were introduced.

    At least until early 1942 this does not seem to have been the case. I have seen ULTRA messages that clearly identify both tanks and planes according to production serials. The gaps seem to have been introduced when series changed (although I'm not sure on that).

    All the best

    Andreas
     
  17. geoff501

    geoff501 Achtung Feind hört mit

    At least until early 1942 this does not seem to have been the case.


    Yes, page 63 scan above mentions random gaps introduce Spring 1943.
     
  18. geoff501

    geoff501 Achtung Feind hört mit

  19. von Poop

    von Poop Adaministrator Admin

    This goes a bit deeper...

    German tank problem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


    And has reduced me to Giggles, as I can actually follow about 1% of it.

    Thankfully it links to this Grauniad Article, which is more 'The German Tank Problem For Dummies':
    Gavyn Davies does the maths | World news | The Guardian

    The disparity claimed (I say claimed - I've not looked anything up to check) there in the penultimate paragraph, between mathematical stats analysis and conventional intelligence methods, is what fascinates, and possibly even amazes me:
    After the war, the allies captured German production records, showing that the true number of tanks produced in those three years was 245 per month, almost exactly what the statisticians had calculated, and less than one fifth of what standard intelligence had thought likely.

    In the words of Mr Dury: "There ain't half been some clever bastards".


    The more I Google this, it seems 'The Tank problem' is quite a regular citation in maths-y circles. A nice real-world issue to hang the rather ethereal world of Maths on I suppose.
     
  20. geoff501

    geoff501 Achtung Feind hört mit



    LMGTFY

    (Let me Giggle that for you)
     

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